Organización de la Información: Estructuras Avanzadas en Inglés
La forma en que organizas la información en una oración puede cambiar su énfasis y tono. Dominar estas estructuras avanzadas te permite ir más allá de la gramática básica y comunicarte con mayor fluidez y precisión. Esta guía explora el uso de `There`, `It`, las estructuras de énfasis y la inversión para que suenes como un hablante más avanzado.
1. Introducción y Existencia
El uso de `There is`, `There was`, etc.
Usamos `There + to be` para introducir la existencia de algo o alguien por primera vez. Se traduce como "hay" o "había". El verbo concuerda con el sustantivo que le sigue.
There is a book on the table.
There are many students in the class.
There was a cat in the garden.
There were five people at the meeting.
There has been a problem with the server.
There will be a party next week.
There is some water in the glass.
How many people are there?
There must be a reason for this.
2. El Uso del Pronombre `It`
El pronombre `It` como sujeto impersonal
El pronombre `It` se usa como un sujeto "vacío" para referirse a la hora, el clima, la distancia y en expresiones impersonales (`It is important...`).
It is 10 o'clock.
It is raining outside.
It is 10 kilometers to the city.
It is important to be on time.
It was cold yesterday.
It is a shame that he is leaving.
It takes two hours to get there.
I find it difficult to learn German.
What time is it?
3. Estructuras de Énfasis
Cláusulas `It` y `What` para dar énfasis
Se usan estas estructuras para resaltar una parte específica de la oración (sujeto, objeto, etc.). Se llaman estructuras hendidas (cleft sentences).
It was my brother who broke the window.
What he needs is a new car.
It was the rain that caused the flood.
What I want is to travel the world.
It was yesterday that I saw him.
It's his attitude that annoys me the most.
What she likes is reading historical novels.
It was the red car that won the race.
What they did was help the poor.
4. La Inversión (Inversion)
La Inversión en oraciones negativas y condicionales
La inversión consiste en cambiar el orden del sujeto y el verbo auxiliar para dar énfasis o en contextos formales. Ocurre con adverbios negativos al principio de la oración y en condicionales.
Never have I seen such a beautiful sight.
Had I known, I would have helped you.
Not until yesterday did I realize my mistake.
Seldom do they go to the cinema.
Should you need any help, just ask.
Hardly had I sat down when the phone rang.
Under no circumstances should you open the door.
Were I you, I would accept the offer.
Not only did he call her, but he also sent her flowers.
¡Test de Práctica!
Elige la forma correcta o identifica el tipo de estructura.
Presiona el botón para empezar el test.