Preguntas y Verbos Auxiliares: Guía Completa, Ejemplos y Test
Dominar la formación de preguntas y el uso de verbos auxiliares es crucial para una comunicación fluida en inglés. Esta guía te enseñará desde las preguntas directas más básicas hasta estructuras más complejas como las preguntas indirectas y las "question tags", que te harán sonar como un nativo.
1. Tipos de Preguntas
Aprende a diferenciar y construir preguntas directas (normales) e indirectas (más educadas o complejas).
Preguntas Directas: Inversión de Auxiliar y Sujeto
Estructura: Auxiliar + Sujeto + Verbo principal + ...?
Do you live in London?
Is he a doctor?
Have you been here before?
Where did you go yesterday?
Can she speak Spanish?
What are they doing now?
Will you come to the party?
Does he work here?
How long have you lived here?
Should I tell her the truth?
Preguntas Indirectas: Orden de Sujeto y Verbo Normal
Estructura: Frase introductoria + (if/wh-word) + Sujeto + Verbo + ...?
Do you know where he lives?
I wonder if she is a doctor.
Could you tell me what time it is?
I asked him if he had been there.
He wants to know why you left.
I don't know how much it costs.
Could you tell me if this is the right bus?
He asked me where I had been.
She wonders who he is talking to.
Do you know if they are coming?
2. Usos de los Verbos Auxiliares
Los verbos auxiliares son herramientas versátiles para formar preguntas, respuestas cortas y `question tags`.
Respuestas Cortas: 'I think so', 'I hope not'
Se usan para evitar repetir toda la oración. El auxiliar depende del tiempo verbal de la frase principal.
"Is it raining?" - "I think so."
"Will he be late?" - "I hope not."
"She can speak French." - "So can I."
"I don't like coffee." - "Neither do I."
"Did they win?" - "I think so."
"He hasn't arrived yet." - "I hope not."
"I should study more." - "So should I."
"They are going to the party." - "I hope so."
"I can't go." - "Neither can I."
"She's been to Paris." - "I think so."
Question Tags: `do you?` , `isn't it?`
Se usan para confirmar información o buscar acuerdo. La regla es: si la frase es positiva, el tag es negativo; si la frase es negativa, el tag es positivo.
You live here, don't you?
It's a beautiful day, isn't it?
They didn't come, did they?
She can't swim, can she?
He will be there, won't he?
We should go, shouldn't we?
You've finished, haven't you?
He wasn't working, was he?
Let's go, shall we?
They had left, hadn't they?
Resumen Comparativo de Preguntas y Auxiliares
Entiende rápidamente las diferencias entre las estructuras clave para elegir la correcta en cada situación.
Directa vs. Indirecta
Pregunta Directa: Inversión de sujeto y auxiliar.
Where is the bank?
Pregunta Indirecta: Frase introductoria + orden de palabras normal.
Could you tell me where the bank is?
I think so vs. I think not
I think so: Para respuestas afirmativas.
"Is he coming?" -> "I think so."
I think so.
I hope not: Para respuestas negativas.
"Will it rain?" -> "I hope not."
I hope not.
Tag Positivo vs. Negativo
Frase positiva, tag negativo: Para buscar confirmación.
You like coffee, don't you?
Frase negativa, tag positivo: Para confirmar.
You don't like coffee, do you?
¡Test de Práctica!
Completa las oraciones con la forma correcta. Escribe la respuesta en los espacios en blanco.
Presiona el botón para empezar el test.