Presente Simple

Aquí encontrarás toda la información sobre el presente simple, su estructura, formas afirmativas, negativas, interrogativas y algunos ejemplos.

Utilizamos el presente simple para hablar de una acción que está ocurriendo ahora o de algo que sucede regularmente. Utilizamos el presente simple para hablar de rutinas y actividades diarias, hábitos y verdades generales.

El presente simple se utiliza para:

Hábitos y rutinas

  • He drinks juice at breakfast.
  • Camila eats only rice.
  • They watch television at home.

Eventos y acciones repetidos

  • He takes the bus every morning.
  • It rains every afternoon.
  • They drive to Quito every summer.

Hechos generales

  • Water freezes at zero degrees.
  • The Earth revolves around the Sun.
  • Her mother is Ecuadorian

Instrucciones o indicaciones

  • Open the package and pour the contents into hot water.
  • Take the #6 bus to Watney and then the #10 to Bedford.
  • Drink water every day.

Eventos programados

  • Your mother arrives tomorrow.
  • Our vacation begins on April 26th.
  • Our English class starts at 5:00 pm.

Estructura del presente simple

Forma afirmativa de todos los verbos

Estructura de las oraciones afirmativas

Reglas para la 1ª, 2ª y 3ª persona del singular y del plural

For example:

  • You speak English.
  • I run in the park.
  • They eat some bread.

Reglas para la 3ª persona del singular

En la tercera (3ª) persona del singular, el verbo siempre termina en -s, sin embargo, tenemos 2 reglas:

1) Cuando un verbo termina en -y, cambiamos -y por -ies, por ejemplo:

Aquí tenemos una excepción, cuando el verbo termina en -y y tenemos una vocal delante, añadimos -s como regla general.

2) Cuando un verbo termina en -ss, -x, -sh, -ch añadimos -es.

For example:

  • He goes to school every morning.
  • She understands English
  • It mixes the sand and the water.
  • He tries very hard.

Forma negativa de todos los verbos

Estructura de las oraciones negativas

Recuerda que el sujeto se refiere a personas, animales o cosas. El verbo es la acción. El complemento es la parte complementaria del sujeto que completa el significado de una expresión.

En la forma negativa, la estructura de la frase es la misma que en la afirmativa. Sin embargo, sólo añadimos el auxiliar do not para 1ª, 2ª persona del singular. En 1ª, 2ª y 3ª del plural, o does not para 3ª persona del singular, entre el sujeto y el verbo.

Recuerda que usamos el auxiliar does para 3ª persona de singular, así como tenemos una contracción que significa lo mismo don’t = no y doesn’t = no.

For example:

  • You don’t speak Spanish
  • I don’t study at the university.
  • They don’t eat vegetables.
  • We don’t buy some food.

Reglas para la 3ª persona del singular

En la tercera (3ª) persona del singular, añadimos el auxiliar doesn’t entre el sujeto y el verbo. Siempre está en la forma base.

Recuerda que la forma base del verbo es el verbo sin ningún cambio.

For example:

  • He doesn’t practice any sport.
  • The taxi driver doesn’t disappear.
  • My boss doesn’t go to the gym twice a week.
  • The exam period doesn’t end on December 24th.
  • She doesn’t enjoy playing the piano.

Forma afirmativa del verbo To Be

Estructura de las oraciones afirmativas

Reglas para la 1ª, 2ª y 3ª persona del singular y del plural

Sólo debemos recordar qué verbo corresponde a cada persona.

I = am
You = are
They = are

He, she, it = is

For example:

  • I am at my house.
  • They are in the school.
  • She is in the park.
  • It is beautiful.
  • You are in a hospital.

Forma negativa del verbo To Be

Estructura de las oraciones negativas

Reglas para la 1ª, 2ª y 3ª persona del singular y del plural

Sólo debemos recordar qué verbo corresponde a cada persona.

I = am + not
You = are + not
They = are + not

He, she, it = is not

For example:

  • I am not in the city.
  • They are not suitable.
  • She is not at home.
  • It is not beautiful.
  • We are not in a hospital.

Preguntas en presente simple

Structure of questions

Si queremos hacer preguntas, utilizamos la misma estructura para las oraciones afirmativas. Sólo añadimos el auxiliar do al principio de las frases para 1ª, 2ª persona del singular y 1ª, 2ª y 3ª del plural, o does para 3ª persona del singular. Añadimos un signo de interrogación al final, y el verbo está en la forma base. Para la respuesta, tenemos dos posibilidades: preguntas de tipo wh y preguntas generales o de tipo sí/no.

Así como tenemos a posibles respuestas de respuesta corta en la que sólo se utiliza por ejemplo, “yes, I do” y preguntas largas como “she lives in Cuenca”, por ejemplo:

  • Do you play the piano?
    Yes, I do.    No, I don’t. / No, I do not.

  • Do the boys like music?
    Yes, they do.

  • Do Juan and Josue live in Quito?
    No, they don’t. 
  • Where do Camila and Martha live?
    They live in Condado.

  • Where does she do?
    She plays in her house.

  • When does Jose usually get up?
    He gets up at 6:30

En resumen

Aquí podemos ver un resumen de todas las estructuras del presente simple

Ejemplos

Forma afirmativa

  • She walks to school every day.
  • They play soccer on the weekends.
  • He reads the newspaper in the morning.
  • The cat sleeps on the couch.
  • I eat breakfast at 7 a.m.
  • The sun rises in the east.
  • She writes a letter to her friend.
  • We cook dinner together.
  • The dog barks loudly at strangers.
  • He drives to work every day.
  • The store opens at 9 a.m.
  • My mom makes delicious cookies.
  • They study for their exams every night.
  • She teaches math at the high school.
  • We visit our grandparents on Sundays.
  • He works at a bank.
  • The teacher explains the lesson clearly.
  • I watch TV in the evening.
  • The flowers bloom in spring.
  • She clean the house on Saturdays.
  • We exercise at the gym regularly.
  • The baby cries when he’s hungry.
  • He enjoys playing the guitar.
  • They sing in the choir.
  • She paints beautiful landscapes.
  • I learn new words every day.
  • The clock ticks loudly.
  • We celebrate birthdays with a party.
  • The chef prepares the meal.
  • He attends meetings every week.
  • The children play in the park.
  • She buys groceries every Saturday.
  • We take a walk after dinner.
  • The train arrives at 8 a.m.
  • He speaks three languages.
  • They write emails to their clients.
  • She enjoys reading novels.
  • I drink coffee in the morning.
  • The birds sing in the trees.
  • We take photos on vacations.
  • He likes to swim in the pool.
  • The bus stops at the corner.
  • She knits sweaters for her family.
  • We travel to different countries.
  • The kids do their homework after school.
  • He plays the piano beautifully.
  • The lights shine brightly at night.
  • She cooks dinner every night.
  • We enjoy outdoor activities.
  • The cat chases the laser pointer.

Forma negativa

  • She does not walk to school every day.
  • They do not play soccer on the weekends.
  • He does not read the newspaper in the morning.
  • The cat does not sleep on the couch.
  • I do not eat breakfast at 7 a.m.
  • The sun does not rise in the west.
  • She does not write a letter to her friend.
  • We do not cook dinner together.
  • The dog does not bark loudly at strangers.
  • He does not drive to work every day.
  • The store does not open at 8 a.m.
  • My mom does not make cookies every day.
  • They do not study for their exams every night.
  • She does not teach math at the high school.
  • We do not visit our grandparents on Sundays.
  • He does not work at a bank.
  • The teacher does not explain the lesson clearly.
  • I do not watch TV in the evening.
  • The flowers do not bloom in winter.
  • She does not clean the house on Saturdays.
  • We do not exercise at the gym regularly.
  • The baby does not cry when he’s full.
  • He does not enjoy playing the guitar.
  • They do not sing in the choir.
  • She does not paint landscapes.
  • I do not learn new words every day.
  • The clock does not tick loudly.
  • We do not celebrate birthdays with a party.
  • The chef does not prepare the meal.
  • He does not attend meetings every week.
  • The children do not play in the park.
  • She does not buy groceries every Saturday.
  • We do not take a walk after dinner.
  • The train does not arrive at 9 a.m.
  • He does not speak three languages.
  • They do not write emails to their clients.
  • She does not enjoy reading novels.
  • I do not drink coffee in the morning.
  • The birds do not sing in winter.
  • We do not take photos on vacations.
  • He does not like to swim in the pool.
  • The bus does not stop at the corner.
  • She does not knit sweaters for her family.
  • We do not travel to different countries.
  • The kids do not do their homework after school.
  • He does not play the piano beautifully.
  • The lights do not shine brightly at night.
  • She does not cook dinner every night.
  • We do not enjoy outdoor activities.
  • The cat does not chase the laser pointer.

Preguntas Afirmativas

  1. Do you like pizza?
  2. Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
  3. Does she live in New York?
  4. Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
  5. Do they play soccer every weekend?
  6. Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.
  7. Does he go to the gym regularly?
  8. Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
  9. Do you work on Saturdays?
  10. Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
  11. Does it rain often in your city?
  12. Yes, it does. / No, it doesn’t.
  13. Do we need to bring a jacket?
  14. Yes, we do. / No, we don’t.
  15. Does she speak Spanish?
  16. Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
  17. Do they eat out often?
  18. Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.
  19. Does he enjoy reading books?
  20. Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
  21. Do you watch movies in the evening?
  22. Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
  23. Does your friend play an instrument?
  24. Yes, he/she does. / No, he/she doesn’t.
  25. Do they travel a lot for work?
  26. Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.
  27. Does she have any pets?
  28. Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
  29. Do we study English every day?
  30. Yes, we do. / No, we don’t.
  31. Does he like to cook?
  32. Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
  33. Do you understand this topic?
  34. Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
  35. Does it snow in winter here?
  36. Yes, it does. / No, it doesn’t.
  37. Do they visit their grandparents often?
  38. Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.
  39. Does she always arrive on time?
  40. Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
  41. Do you know how to swim?
  42. Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
  43. Does he take the bus to work?
  44. Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
  45. Do they prefer tea over coffee?
  46. Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.
  47. Does your sister drive to school?
  48. Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
  49. Do we need to buy tickets in advance?
  50. Yes, we do. / No, we don’t.

Preguntas Wh

  1. What do you do for a living?
    I work as a teacher.

  2. Where do you live?
    I live in Ecuador.

  3. When do you usually wake up?
    I usually wake up at 7 AM.

  4. Why do you study English?
    I study English to improve my communication skills.

  5. Who do you spend your weekends with?
    I spend my weekends with my family.

  6. How do you stay healthy?
    I exercise regularly and eat a balanced diet.

  7. What does she do in her free time?
    She reads books and goes for walks.

  8. Where does he work?
    He works at a local bank.

  9. When do they have lunch?
    They have lunch at noon.

  10. Why does your brother play soccer?
    He plays soccer because he enjoys it.

  11. Who do you talk to when you need advice?
    I talk to my best friend.

  12. How does your sister travel to work?
    She travels by bus.

  13. What do you like to do on weekends?
    I like to relax and watch movies.

  14. Where do your parents go on vacation?
    They go to the beach every summer.

  15. When does the store open?
    The store opens at 9 AM.

  16. Why do you like learning languages?
    I like learning languages because it helps me connect with people.

  17. Who helps you with your homework?
    My teacher helps me.

  18. How do you celebrate your birthday?
    I celebrate my birthday with a party.

  19. What does your dog eat?
    My dog eats dog food and treats.

  20. Where do you usually buy groceries?
    I usually buy groceries at the supermarket.

  21. When do you exercise?
    I exercise in the evening.

  22. Why does she enjoy cooking?
    She enjoys cooking because it relaxes her.

  23. Who cleans the house?
    I clean the house every Saturday.

  24. How do you stay organized?
    I use a planner to stay organized.

  25. What do they do on holidays?
    They spend time with family and friends.

  26. Where does your sister study?
    She studies at the university.

  27. When do you read books?
    I read books before bed.

  28. Why do you like that movie?
    I like that movie because it has a great story.

  29. Who visits you during the holidays?
    My cousins visit me during the holidays.

  30. How does your father relax after work?
    He relaxes by watching television.

  31. What does your favorite restaurant serve?
    My favorite restaurant serves Italian food.

  32. Where do you go for coffee?
    I go to the café down the street.

  33. When do you usually go to bed?
    I usually go to bed around 10 PM.

  34. Why do you enjoy hiking?
    I enjoy hiking because I love nature.

  35. Who helps you practice English?
    I practice English with my classmates.

  36. How do you commute to work?
    I commute by train.

  37. What do your friends do for fun?
    They go to the movies and play games.

  38. Where does he buy his clothes?
    He buys his clothes online.

  39. When do you celebrate New Year’s Eve?
    I celebrate New Year’s Eve on December 31st.

  40. Why does she like painting?
    She likes painting because it allows her to express herself.

  41. Who do you admire the most?
    I admire my parents the most.

  42. How do you prepare for a test?
    I prepare for a test by studying and reviewing notes.

  43. What does your town have to offer?
    My town has parks, restaurants, and museums.

  44. Where do you go for a walk?
    I go for a walk in the park.

  45. When do you usually check your emails?
    I usually check my emails in the morning.

  46. Why do you enjoy listening to music?
    I enjoy listening to music because it lifts my mood.

  47. Who teaches you math?
    My math teacher teaches me.

  48. How does your friend stay fit?
    He stays fit by going to the gym regularly.

  49. What do you want to learn next?
    I want to learn more about business.

  50. Where do you see yourself in five years?
    I see myself advancing in my career.

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