Pasado Perfecto

Aquí encontrarás toda la información sobre el pasado perfecto, su estructura, formas afirmativas, negativas, interrogativas y algunos ejemplos.

El pasado perfecto se refiere a un tiempo anterior al pasado reciente. Se utiliza para indicar que un acontecimiento ocurrió antes que otro en el pasado. No importa cuál de los acontecimientos se menciona primero, porque el tiempo verbal deja claro el orden temporal en que ocurrieron.

Por ejemplo:

  • The plane had left by the time I arrived at the airport.
  • I had written the email before she read it.
  • Charles had wanted to see the movie; however, he did not buy the ticket.
Lista de verbos regulares
Lista de verbos irregulares

Forma afirmativa

Estructura de las oraciones afirmativas

Aquí utilizamos la forma de participio pasado de los verbos, ya sean regulares o irregulares, y el auxiliar had.

For example:

  • She was sad all night because she had received bad news.
  • They wished they had purchased the winning ticket.
  • He had just left the scene when the ambulance arrived.

Forma negativa

Estructura de las oraciones negativas

Aquí utilizamos la forma de participio pasado de los verbos, ya sean regulares o irregulares. En la forma negativa, usamos el auxiliar had + not.

For example:

  • She had not gone home today before she left the party.
  • They lost the train because they had not woken up early.
  • You could enter at home because you hadn’t lost your keys.

Pasado perfecto + just

Just se utiliza con el pretérito perfecto para referirse a un acontecimiento que ocurrió muy poco antes de otro acontecimiento en el pasado, p. ej.

  • The bus had just left when he arrived at the station.
  • He had just left the room when the police arrived.
  • You had just worn your clothes when it started to rain.

Preguntas del pasado perfecto

Estructura de las preguntas

Cuando queremos hacer preguntas, utilizamos la misma estructura para las frases afirmativas. Sólo añadimos el auxiliar había para todas las personas al principio de las frases. Añadimos un signo de interrogación al final de la frase. El verbo está en forma de participio.

For example:

  • Why had she studied?
    Because she wanted to get a better job.
  • When had they left?
    They had left yesterday when the rain stopped.
  • Had you gone to the university?
    No, I hadn’t.

En resumen

Aquí podemos ver un resumen de todas las estructuras del pretérito perfecto.

Ejemplos

Forma afirmativa

  • She had walked to school before it started raining.
  • They had played soccer before the match was canceled.
  • He had read the newspaper before breakfast.
  • The cat had slept on the couch before we got home.
  • I had eaten breakfast before leaving for work.
  • The sun had risen before we went outside.
  • She had written the letter before the post office closed.
  • We had cooked dinner before the guests arrived.
  • The dog had barked at strangers before we got home.
  • He had driven to work before the traffic got worse.
  • The store had opened before we arrived.
  • My mom had made cookies before the party started.
  • They had studied for their exams before the test.
  • She had taught math at the high school before retiring.
  • We had visited our grandparents before they moved away.
  • He had worked at the bank before he changed jobs.
  • The teacher had explained the lesson before the students arrived.
  • I had watched TV before going to bed.
  • The flowers had bloomed before the garden party.
  • She had cleaned the house before the guests arrived.
  • We had exercised at the gym before dinner.
  • The baby had cried before we could soothe her.
  • He had enjoyed playing the guitar before he sold it.
  • They had sung in the choir before the concert.
  • She had painted landscapes before her art show.
  • I had learned new words before the vocabulary test.
  • The clock had ticked steadily before the power went out.
  • We had celebrated birthdays with parties before the pandemic.
  • The chef had prepared the meal before the guests arrived.
  • He had attended meetings before the merger.
  • The children had played in the park before it got dark.
  • She had bought groceries before the store closed.
  • We had taken a walk before dinner.
  • The train had arrived before we reached the station.
  • He had spoken at the conference before the keynote.
  • They had written emails to their clients before the deadline.
  • She had enjoyed reading novels before she got busy.
  • I had drunk coffee before my meeting.
  • The birds had sung in the trees before the rain started.
  • We had taken photos on our vacation before the camera broke.
  • He had liked swimming in the pool before it was closed.
  • The bus had stopped at the corner before we left.
  • She had knitted sweaters for her family before the holidays.
  • We had traveled to different countries before the restrictions.
  • The kids had done their homework before the teacher checked it.
  • He had played the piano beautifully before he stopped practicing.
  • The lights had shone brightly before the power outage.
  • She had cooked dinner for us before we arrived.
  • We had enjoyed outdoor activities before the weather changed.
  • The cat had chased the laser pointer before we put it away.

Forma negativa

  • She had not walked to school before it started raining.
  • They had not played soccer before the match was canceled.
  • He had not read the newspaper before breakfast.
  • The cat had not slept on the couch before we got home.
  • I had not eaten breakfast before leaving for work.
  • The sun had not risen before we went outside.
  • She had not written the letter before the post office closed.
  • We had not cooked dinner before the guests arrived.
  • The dog had not barked at strangers before we got home.
  • He had not driven to work before the traffic got worse.
  • The store had not opened before we arrived.
  • My mom had not made cookies before the party started.
  • They had not studied for their exams before the test.
  • She had not taught math at the high school before retiring.
  • We had not visited our grandparents before they moved away.
  • He had not worked at the bank before he changed jobs.
  • The teacher had not explained the lesson before the students arrived.
  • I had not watched TV before going to bed.
  • The flowers had not bloomed before the garden party.
  • She had not cleaned the house before the guests arrived.
  • We had not exercised at the gym before dinner.
  • The baby had not cried before we could soothe her.
  • He had not enjoyed playing the guitar before he sold it.
  • They had not sung in the choir before the concert.
  • She had not painted landscapes before her art show.
  • I had not learned new words before the vocabulary test.
  • The clock had not ticked steadily before the power went out.
  • We had not celebrated birthdays with parties before the pandemic.
  • The chef had not prepared the meal before the guests arrived.
  • He had not attended meetings before the merger.
  • The children had not played in the park before it got dark.
  • She had not bought groceries before the store closed.
  • We had not taken a walk before dinner.
  • The train had not arrived before we reached the station.
  • He had not spoken at the conference before the keynote.
  • They had not written emails to their clients before the deadline.
  • She had not enjoyed reading novels before she got busy.
  • I had not drunk coffee before my meeting.
  • The birds had not sung in the trees before the rain started.
  • We had not taken photos on our vacation before the camera broke.
  • He had not liked swimming in the pool before it was closed.
  • The bus had not stopped at the corner before we left.
  • She had not knitted sweaters for her family before the holidays.
  • We had not traveled to different countries before the restrictions.
  • The kids had not done their homework before the teacher checked it.
  • He had not played the piano beautifully before he stopped practicing.
  • The lights had not shone brightly before the power outage.
  • She had not cooked dinner for us before we arrived.
  • We had not enjoyed outdoor activities before the weather changed.
  • The cat had not chased the laser pointer before we put it away.

Preguntas Afirmativas

  1. Had you finished your homework before the movie started?
  2. Yes, I had. / No, I hadn’t.
  3. Had she ever traveled abroad before last year?
  4. Yes, she had. / No, she hadn’t.
  5. Had they eaten dinner when you called them?
  6. Yes, they had. / No, they hadn’t.
  7. Had he completed the project before the deadline?
  8. Yes, he had. / No, he hadn’t.
  9. Had you met her before the party?
  10. Yes, I had. / No, I hadn’t.
  11. Had we already left when it started raining?
  12. Yes, we had. / No, we hadn’t.
  13. Had they been friends before they went to college?
  14. Yes, they had. / No, they hadn’t.
  15. Had she read the book before watching the movie?
  16. Yes, she had. / No, she hadn’t.
  17. Had you heard the news before you saw it online?
  18. Yes, I had. / No, I hadn’t.
  19. Had he visited New York before last summer?
  20. Yes, he had. / No, he hadn’t.
  21. Had they been to the concert before?
  22. Yes, they had. / No, they hadn’t.
  23. Had she cooked dinner before her guests arrived?
  24. Yes, she had. / No, she hadn’t.
  25. Had you seen that movie before last night?
  26. Yes, I had. / No, I hadn’t.
  27. Had we discussed this topic before?
  28. Yes, we had. / No, we hadn’t.
  29. Had he gone to bed before midnight?
  30. Yes, he had. / No, he hadn’t.
  31. Had they already finished their homework?
  32. Yes, they had. / No, they hadn’t.
  33. Had she called her parents before leaving?
  34. Yes, she had. / No, she hadn’t.
  35. Had you ever eaten sushi before?
  36. Yes, I had. / No, I hadn’t.
  37. Had we seen that actor in another movie?
  38. Yes, we had. / No, we hadn’t.
  39. Had he finished his degree before getting a job?
  40. Yes, he had. / No, he hadn’t.
  41. Had they cleaned the house before the guests arrived?
  42. Yes, they had. / No, they hadn’t.
  43. Had she been to Paris before last summer?
  44. Yes, she had. / No, she hadn’t.
  45. Had you worked here before last year?
  46. Yes, I had. / No, I hadn’t.
  47. Had we tried that restaurant before last weekend?
  48. Yes, we had. / No, we hadn’t.
  49. Had he ever visited London before the trip?
  50. Yes, he had. / No, he hadn’t.

Preguntas Wh

  1. What had you done before you went to college?
    I had completed my high school education.

  2. Where had you lived before moving to your current city?
    I had lived in a small town before moving here.

  3. When had you first visited that museum?
    I had first visited that museum when I was a child.

  4. Why had you decided to change jobs?
    I had decided to change jobs because I wanted new challenges.

  5. Who had you invited to your birthday party?
    I had invited all my close friends and family.

  6. How had you prepared for your final exams?
    I had prepared for my final exams by studying every day.

  7. What had you eaten before the event?
    I had eaten a light lunch before the event.

  8. Where had you traveled before your last trip?
    I had traveled to several countries in Europe.

  9. When had you learned to play the piano?
    I had learned to play the piano when I was ten years old.

  10. Why had you chosen that particular university?
    I had chosen that university because of its excellent program.

  11. Who had you spoken to about your plans?
    I had spoken to my parents about my plans.

  12. How had you managed to finish the project on time?
    I had managed to finish the project by working overtime.

  13. What had you accomplished before the deadline?
    I had accomplished all my tasks before the deadline.

  14. Where had you found that book?
    I had found that book at a local bookstore.

  15. When had you decided to start exercising?
    I had decided to start exercising last year.

  16. Why had you forgotten to bring your laptop?
    I had forgotten to bring my laptop because I was in a hurry.

  17. Who had you met at the conference?
    I had met many interesting people at the conference.

  18. How had you felt after completing the marathon?
    I had felt exhausted but proud after completing the marathon.

  19. What had you given your friend for their birthday?
    I had given my friend a handmade gift for their birthday.

  20. Where had you parked your car?
    I had parked my car in the garage.

  21. When had you started learning a new language?
    I had started learning a new language two years ago.

  22. Why had you decided to move to a new place?
    I had decided to move because I wanted a change of scenery.

  23. Who had you worked with on that project?
    I had worked with a team of talented colleagues.

  24. How had you spent your summer vacation?
    I had spent my summer vacation traveling with my family.

  25. What had you forgotten to do before leaving the house?
    I had forgotten to turn off the lights before leaving.

  26. Where had you put your keys?
    I had put my keys on the kitchen counter.

  27. When had you realized you needed a break?
    I had realized I needed a break after feeling overwhelmed.

  28. Why had you chosen to study abroad?
    I had chosen to study abroad for a unique experience.

  29. Who had you confided in about your worries?
    I had confided in my best friend about my worries.

  30. How had you celebrated your achievement?
    I had celebrated my achievement with a party.

  31. What had you thought about before making your decision?
    I had thought carefully about all the options before deciding.

  32. Where had you gone on vacation last year?
    I had gone to the mountains for vacation last year.

  33. When had you finally completed your thesis?
    I had finally completed my thesis just before the deadline.

  34. Why had you given up on that idea?
    I had given up on that idea because it was impractical.

  35. Who had you relied on for support during tough times?
    I had relied on my family for support during tough times.

  36. How had you prepared for your job interview?
    I had prepared for my job interview by researching the company.

  37. What had you accomplished by the end of the year?
    I had accomplished several personal and professional goals by the end of the year.

  38. Where had you received your education?
    I had received my education at a reputable university.

  39. When had you felt the happiest in your life?
    I had felt the happiest during my wedding day.

  40. Why had you chosen that career path?
    I had chosen that career path because I was passionate about it.

  41. Who had you learned from in your field?
    I had learned from many experienced mentors in my field.

  42. How had you managed to keep up with your studies?
    I had managed to keep up with my studies by staying organized.

  43. What had you discovered about yourself during that time?
    I had discovered that I was more resilient than I thought.

  44. Where had you seen that movie before?
    I had seen that movie at a friend’s house.

  45. When had you last visited your childhood home?
    I had last visited my childhood home last summer.

  46. Why had you decided to pursue higher education?
    I had decided to pursue higher education to advance my career.

  47. Who had you supported during their tough times?
    I had supported my friend during their tough times.

  48. How had you felt about your achievements?
    I had felt proud of my achievements.

  49. What had you planned to do after graduation?
    I had planned to travel before starting my job.

  50. Where had you kept your old photographs?
    I had kept my old photographs in a box in the attic.

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